Preheat the oven to 450ºF. Coat a large baking sheet with olive oil.
In a large bowl, stir together broccoli, beans, cheese, and pesto until well combined. Season to taste with salt and pepper.
On a lightly floured surface, roll or stretch the pizza dough into a large rectangle. Spread the broccoli mixture evenly over the bottom half of the dough, leaving about one inch around the outer edge.
Using clean fingers, dab water around the outside edge of the dough before folding over the top half to line up with the bottom half. Starting in one corner, fold the edge of the dough over at about a 45º angle, pressing in with your finger to seal the dough (watch the video for a better idea of how to do this). Continue this all the way around until the calzone is completely sealed.
Carefully transfer the calzone to the prepared baking sheet (here's an affiliate link similar to the bench scraper I like to use), then use a sharp knife to cut about 5 slits in the top. Brush the top with olive oil and sprinkle with salt. Bake 15-20 minutes, until the dough is crisp and the filling is hot and melted. Let rest 5 minutes before cutting and serving with warmed marinara sauce for dipping.
Video
Notes
Nutrition facts are without marinara sauce.A few ideas to customize your vegetarian calzones:
Divide the dough into two or three smaller portions to create mini hand-held calzones
Use another type of pesto such as spinach pesto, arugula pesto, or sun dried tomato pesto to change up the flavor
Swap the broccoli for another vegetable such as cooked eggplant, zucchini, or caramelized onions